India’s Evolving Role in Global Climate Governance: Pioneering the Path to Sustainability

India’s role in global climate politics has grown significantly in recent years. As one of the fastest-growing economies and a major carbon emitter, India faces the difficult task of balancing economic development with environmental protection. This paper examines how India is responding to this challenge while taking part in international climate discussions. It looks at India’s commitments under the Paris Agreement, especially its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs), and its efforts to reduce emissions while also addressing development needs. The study also highlights India’s strong focus on renewable energy, particularly solar power, and its leadership in the International Solar Alliance. India’s goal of reaching 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy capacity by 2030 reflects this commitment. In addition, the paper discusses India’s support for climate justice and the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities,” which it often raises in global negotiations. By examining both domestic policies and international cooperation, the paper shows that India is becoming an important voice in global climate governance.